Study of Per Se Performance and Heterosis for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.)

B.B. Chauhan¹, R. A. Gami^2*, K. P. Prajapati³, J. R. Patel³, R.N. Patel⁴

¹Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CPCA, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat

²Sorghum Research Station, S.D. Agricultural University, Deesa-385 535, Gujarat

³Castor-Mustard Research Station, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385 506, Gujarat

⁴Potato Research Station, S.D. Agricultural University, Deesa-385 535, Gujarat

Corresponding Author E-mail: ramangami@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.7.3.16

Abstract:

The phenomenon of heterosis has provided the most important genetic tools in improving yield of crop plants. Identification of specific parental combination capable of producing the highest level of heterotic effects in F₁ has immense value for commercial exploitation of heterosis. The experimental material consisted of eight parents (including check G.TIL 4) and their 28 half-diallel crosses. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences due to genotypes for all the traits. On the basis of mean values, the parents G.TIL 10, G.TIL 4 and SKT 1607 recorded maximum seed yield per plant. G.TIL 10 was top ranking for number of effective branches per plant. This parental genotype also expressed good performance for various yield components, viz., number of seed per capsule, harvest index (%) and oil content (%).The parent SKT 1608 found better for earliness, dwarfness and 1000 seed weight (g). While in case of hybrids, SKT 1608 × SKT 12-2, SKT 1608 × G.TIL 2 and SKT 1607 × G.TIL 2 were the best for seed yield per plant. Among the 28 F₁ hybrids, SKT 1608 × SKT 12-2 and SKT 1608 × G.TIL 2 manifested significant positive heterosis for seed yield per plant over better parent and standard check (G.TIL 4) These two crosses also exhibited either of the significant positive heterosis for various component traits viz., plant height (cm), capsule length (cm), number of seed per capsule, harvest index (%), 1000 seed weight (g), oil content (%) and leaf area per plant (cm²).

Keywords:

Sesame; Per Se Performance; Heterobeltiosis; Standard Heterosis; Seed Yield Per Plant

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