Heavy Metal Analysis in Agricultural Soils in Godavari River Basin of Rajahmundry Region, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Kandrakunta Babu¹,  Sudhakar. G² and P Vijaya Nirmala^3*

¹Department of Zoology, Government Degree College (A), Rajahmundry, A. P., India

²Department of Environmental Sciences, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad, Telangana India

³Department of Zoology, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry, A. P. India.

Corresponding Author E-mail:sgummadi09@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.11.2.21

Abstract:

There are many sectors that are using chemicals and increase their production to meet the needs of people in the world. The domestic, industrial, agriculture, medical and recent technological applications effluents consist of heavy metals that have high density than water  and are raising the concerns of potential effects  on the environment and also human. The soil samples are collected from Godavari river basin near Rajahmundry in East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, to assess the levels of Ni, Fe, Cr, Cu, Zn, Co, Pb, Cd & As to calculate soil PERI. Pearson’s correlation matrix, Contamination factor, Coefficient variations are used for evaluate contamination of pollutants & ecological risk, based on results the accumulation efficiency is very different in soils; most of the samples have high concentration. Contamination factors of heavy metals are in moderate contamination (1 ≤ 3), but the Cd shows as considerable contamination (3 ≤ 5) in Aalamuru-S5, Korumilli -S7 and Kulla-S8 soils samples. The coefficient variation was observed as (CV > 0.36) high variation in heavy metal (Cd > Cu > As > Fe > Co > Zn > Pb > Ni  >  Cr). Based on results the toxic concentrations are gradually increases in the soil samples due to over usage of chemical fertilizers and may be accumulated into crops, leads to ecological risk, finally agricultural soil are contaminating by heavy metals in our study area.

Keywords:

Agricultural Soil; Coefficient variation; Ecological risk; Godavari river basin; Heavy metal

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