Hydrogeo-Chemical Processess and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in Afzalpur Taluk, Karnataka, India.

Channamma. S. Gour¹ , Prakash Kariyajjanavar^1*, K. Channabasappa², Arun Kumar. S. L³, Vidyasagar.C. C⁴ and  M. Lingadevaru²

¹Department of Environmental Science, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585 106, Karnataka, India.

²Department of Geology, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, Kalaburagi, India

³Department of Civil Engineering, GM Institute of Technology Davangere-577 006, Karnataka, India

⁴Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

Corresponding Author E-mail: prakashsk2678@gmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.10.3.07

Abstract:

To determine the geochemical processes impacting groundwater geochemistry and its appropriateness for drinking and irrigational uses, a thorough examination of groundwater is conducted in some areas of the Afzalpur taluk. According to the results of a thorough chemical analysis, the research area's groundwater has a pH average between 6.7 and 6.3, making it fairly acidic. Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ cations and HCO₃^- anions are also present in high amounts. Ion-exchange and rock weathering mechanisms were perceived to dominate the groundwater chemistry, with anthropogenic sources playing a minor role. Particularly, the electrical conductivity, total hardness (TH), and concentrations of Na⁺ and HCO₃^- exceeded the BIS and WHO water quality standards' acceptable limits. Groundwater suitability for irrigation was assessed on the basis of sodium adsorption ratio, Na%, magnesium hazard (MH), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and Kelley's index (KI). Above parameters revealed that nearly 40 to 50 % of the groundwater in the sampling sites was of high-quality for irrigation purpose.

Keywords:

Afzalpur taluk; Correlations; Drinking water quality; Geo-chemical modeling; Gibb’s plot;  Hydro chemical faces; Irrigation water quality; Saturation Index

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