In vitro Propagation of Garlic (Allium sativum L) from Meristem Culture

Pratima Greedharry, Kumari Indira Devi Boodhram^* and Chandasa Koyelas

Tissue Culture Laboratory, Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institution, Réduit, Mauritius.

Corresponding Author E-mail:rajpratimah@hotmail.com

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.12.2.10

Abstract:

The present study investigated in vitro multiplication and bulbification in one imported garlic accession i.e. VFG158 and eleven local garlic accessions of Mauritius viz. Beeharry, Boodnah, Bondah, Gooniah, Haulkhory, Ramdhuny, Ramjee, Rampall, Sujeebun, Sujeebun 2 and Unuth through meristem culture. The explants were subjected to fourteen shoot multiplication and three bulbification treatments. Positive results for shoot proliferation and suppression of hyperhydricity were noted on six shoot multiplication media: MS basal media with various growth regulators {G0 (0.25mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L 2iP), G1 (1.5mg/L BAP+0.5mg/L NAA), G2 (0.3mg/L NAA+3mg/L 2iP), G6 (0.5mg/L NAA+2mg/L 2iP), G14(2mg/L BAP+2mg/L NAA) and G15(1mg/L BAP+0.5mg/L NAA)}. The highest number of shoot formation was observed in G2 (0.3mg/L NAA+3mg/L 2iP) and the lowest number of shoot formation was observed in G14 (2mg/L BAP+2mg/L NAA). Genotypic difference in shoot multiplication and hyperhydricity on different media formulation was observed. The highest shoot proliferation was observed in the garlic accession Ramdhuny, while the lowest shoot proliferation was recorded in groups of similar accessions namely, Ramjee, Sujeebun and VFG 158. Bulblet formation was earlier on bulbification medium B2 (MS enriched with 12% sucrose). Largest and heavier bulblets were obtained on medium B5 (MS supplemented with 2mg/L BAP+1mg/L GA3 and enriched with 90% sucrose). A reliable protocol for rapid shoot regeneration and multiplication from meristem-tip culture and bulblet formation from multiple shoot clumps was optimised.

Keywords:

Bulblet formation, Garlic, Growth hormones, Hyperhydricity, Tissue culture

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